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Yo'nal Ahk III
Yo'nal Ahk III (), also known as Ruler 5, was an ''ajaw'' of Piedras Negras, an ancient Maya settlement in Guatemala. He ruled during the Late Classic Period, from 758 to 767 AD. Yo'nal Ahk III ascended to the throne upon the death of Itzam K'an Ahk II, who may have been Yo'nal Ahk's father. He was succeeded by his probable brother, Ha' K'in Xook in around 767 AD. Yo'nal Ahk III left behind two surviving stelae at Piedras Negras, namely Stelae 14 and 16, the former of which has been called one of the finest niche stelae, according to Simon Martin and Nikolai Grube.
==Reign==
Yo'nal Ahk III, also known as Ruler 5, was likely the son of Itzam K'an Ahk II, based on Yo'nal Ahk III's fixation with venerating the mortuary temple of Itzam K'an Ahk II.〔〔 According to Walter Robert Thurmond Witschey and Clifford T. Brown, his name translates to "Black House Great Turtle".〔Witschey & Brown 2012, p. 247.〕 Yo'nal Ahk III ascended to the throne of Piedras Negras on March 10, 758 AD (9.16.6.17.1 7 Imix 19 Wo in the Long Count), following the death of Itzam K'an Ahk II.〔 Not much is known about the ruler, nor his successor Ha' K'in Xook; Flora Clancy refers to both reigns as "shadowy".〔Clancy 2009, p. 135.〕 James L. Fitzsimmons argues that Yo'nal Ahk III seems to have been a weaker ruler when compared to the reign of Itzam K'an Ahk II because Yo'nal Ahk III erected few monuments, and he did not reinforce his power on a larger scale, choosing only to do so at local polities like El Cayo and La Mar.〔Fitzsimmons 2010, p. 154.〕
Monuments at El Cayo record that Yo'nal Ahk III was involved in burial ceremonies for a ''sajal'' in 763 AD, although he was not involved in picking the leader's successor.〔 It is also known that during his reign, a ''k'ini' ajaw''—or prince—of Piedras Negras, T'ul Chiik, was captured by Yaxun B'alam IV of Yaxchilan; it has been hypothesized by Martin and Grube that Yo'nal Ahk III's focus on smaller satellite kingdoms such as La Mar and El Cayo was a tactic to build up a support base in order to combat the growing threat that Yaxchilan posed.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.mesoweb.com/encyc/index.asp?passcall=rightframeexact&rightframeexact=http%3A//www.mesoweb.com/encyc/view.asp%3Fact%3Dviewexact%26view%3Dnormal%26word%3DIII%26wordAND%3DYonal+Ahk )〕 He was succeeded by Ha' K'in Xook, who was possibly his brother.〔Sharer & Traxler 2005, p. 428.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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